Table 1. Baseline characteristics of individuals with or without health issues after moderate-severe COVID-19

Characteristics Total (n=98; 100%) Health issues after moderate-severe COVID-19
No (n=26; 26.5%) Yes (n=72; 73.5%) P-value1
Sex, n (%) 0.2
 Male 36 (36.7) 12 (46.2) 24 (33.3)
 Female 62 (63.3) 14 (53.8) 48 (66.7)
Age, years 61 (51.0, 67.0) 67 (54.2, 72.8) 60 (49.0, 66.0) 0.062
Age group, n (%) 0.5
 30–39 years 6 (6.1) 1 (3.8) 5 (6.9)
 40–49 years 18 (18.4) 4 (15.4) 14 (19.4)
 50–59 years 23 (23.5) 6 (23.1) 17 (23.6)
 60–69 years 33 (33.7) 7 (26.9) 26 (36.1)
 ≥70 years 18 (18.4) 8 (30.8) 10 (13.9)
BMI, n (%) 0.2
 <25 kg/m2 33 (33.7) 5 (19.2) 28 (38.9)
 ≥25 kg/m2 55 (56.1) 18 (69.2) 37 (51.4)
 Unknown 10 (10.2) 3 (11.5) 7 (9.7)
Number of comorbid conditions, n (%) 0.7
 0 21 (21.4) 7 (26.9) 14 (19.4)
 1 32 (32.7) 8 (30.8) 24 (33.3)
 ≥2 45 (45.9) 11 (42.3) 34 (47.2)
Comorbidities, n (%)
 Diabetes 20 (20.4) 4 (15.4) 16 (22.2) 0.5
 Hypertension 42 (42.9) 11 (42.3) 31 (43.1) >0.9
 Cardiovascular diseases 16(16.3) 4 (15.4) 12 (16.7) >0.9
 COPD 1 (1.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (1.4) >0.9
 Asthma 1 (1.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (1.4) >0.9
 Kidney disease 2 (2.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (2.8) >0.9
 Neurological diseases 4 (4.1) 2 (7.7) 2 (2.8) 0.3
 Cerebrovascular diseases 2 (2.0) 2 (7.7) 0 (0.0) 0.068
 Liver diseases 4 (4.1) 2 (7.7) 2 (2.8) 0.3
 Malignant tumour 4 (4.1) 2 (7.7) 2 (2.8) 0.7
 Overweight (BMI≥23 kg/m2) 55 (56.0) 13 (50.0) 42 (58.0) >0.9
 Systemic diseases 2 (2.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (2.8) 0.15
Symptoms at onset of COVID-19, n (%)
 Cough 11 (11.2)
 Dyspnoea 30 (30.6)
 Myalgia 7 (7.1)
 Diarrhoea 5 (5.1)
 Fatigue 40 (40.8)
Incubation period, days 5 (3.0, 8.0) 5 (3.0, 8.0) 5.5 (3.0, 8.0) 0.3
Length of hospital stay, days 16 (11.0, 24.0) 15 (8.5, 26.8) 17 (12.0, 23.5) 0.7
Vaccination, n (%) 0.13
 1 dose, <2 weeks before infection 19 (19.4) 4 (15.4) 15 (20.8)
 1 dose, >2 weeks before infection 5 (5.1) 3 (11.5) 2 (2.8)
 Not vaccinated 74 (75.5) 19 (73.1) 55 (73.4)
Highest respiratory support technique during hospitalisation, n (%) 0.049
 No supplemental oxygen required 4 (4.1) 1 (3.8) 3 (4.2)
 Oxygen via nasal cannula or face mask 76 (77.6) 24 (92.3) 52 (72.2)
 HFNC or NIV or IMV 18 (18.4) 1 (3.8) 17 (23.6)
Overall health, n (%) <0.001
 Same as before 30 (31) 18 (69) 12 (17.0)
 Worse than before 62 (63) 5 (19) 57 (79.0)
 Better than before 6 (6.1) 3 (12) 3 (4.2)
Values are median (interquartile range), or number of patients (%).
Wilcoxon rank sum test; Fisher’s exact test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test.