Table 2 The proportion of bacterial and viral pathogens detected by multiplex real-time PCR

Bacteria

n (%)1)

Virus

n (%)1)

Streptococcus pneumoniae

56 (16.4)

Influenza virus type A

35 (10.3)

Streptococcus agalactiae

2 (0.6)

Influenza virus type B

15 (4.4)

Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

7 (2.1)

Influenza virus type C

1 (0.3)

Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)

1 (0.3)

Parainfluenza virus type 3

9 (2.6)

Coagulase negative staphylococcus

5 (1.5)

Epstein – Barr virus (EBV)

119 (34.9)

Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE)

21 (6.2)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

57 (16.7)

Enterococcus faecalis

7 (2.1)

Rhinovirus

12 (3.5)

Enterococcus faecium

9 (2.6)

Respiratory cyncytial virus

10 (2.9)

Escherichia coli

33 (9.7)

Human metapneumovirus

8 (2.3)

Klebsiella pneumoniae

63 (18.5)

Adenovirus

1 (0.3)

Enterobacter cloacae

1 (0.3)

Bocavirus

1 (0.3)

Morganella morganii

12 (3.5)

SARS CoV-2

12 (3.5)

Providencia sp.

11 (3.2)

Proteus mirabilis

5 (1.5)

Acinetobacter baumannii

59 (17.3)

Burkholderia cepacia

9 (2.6)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

15 (4.4)

Moraxella catarrhalis

4 (1.2)

Haemophilus influenzae

48 (14.1)

Haemophilus influenzae type B

1 (0.3)

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

29 (8.5)

Mycoplasma sp.

21 (6.2)

Total

419

280

Positive

231 (67.7)

196 (57.5)

1) The percentage was over 100% since in many cases, more than one bacteria or virus were found in one sputum of CAP patients. MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; MSSA, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus; MRSE, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia.