Table 2. Preliminary qualitative phytochemical tests results from the ethanol extracts and fractions of periwinkle leaves or roots
| Plant parts | Leaf extracts | Root extracts |
| EtOH | H | CF | EA | H2O | EtOH | H | CF | EA | H2O |
| Triterpenoids | – | – | – | – | – | + | + | – | – | – |
| Alkaloids | ++ | + | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | + | ++ |
| Coumarins | – | – | – | – | – | + | + | – | – | – |
| Flavonoids | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Phenolic compounds | ++ | – | – | ++ | – | ++ | – | – | ++ | – |
| Tannins | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Saponins | + | – | – | + | + | + | – | – | + | ++ |
| Reducing sugars | + | – | – | + | ++ | + | – | – | + | ++ |
| Starches | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Carotenoids | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
EtOH, ethanol extract; H, n-hexan; CF, chloroform extract; EA, ethyl acetate extract; H2O, aqueous extract; (–), negative reaction; (+), positive reaction; (++), strong positive reaction.